LL-37 Research Compound
Research Use Only
This product is intended for laboratory research purposes only. It is not intended for human or veterinary use, food, cosmetic, household, or agricultural applications. Not for human consumption.
Overview
LL-37 is a 37-amino acid peptide derived from human cathelicidin (hCAP18/LL-37), the only cathelicidin family member expressed in humans. It is released from neutrophils, macrophages, and epithelial cells as part of the innate immune response. Beyond its direct antimicrobial activity, LL-37 has diverse immunomodulatory functions including chemotaxis, inflammation regulation, and wound healing promotion.
Molecular Characteristics
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C205H340N60O53 |
| Molecular Weight | 4493.33 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 154947-66-7 |
| Sequence | LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES |
| Amino Acids | 37 |
| Net Charge | +6 (at pH 7) |
| Structure | α-helical in membrane environments |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC) |
Mechanism of Action
LL-37 exerts antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects through multiple mechanisms:
Direct Antimicrobial Activity
- Membrane disruption (barrel-stave/toroidal pore models)
- Broad-spectrum activity (bacteria, fungi, viruses)
- Biofilm disruption capability
- LPS neutralization
Immunomodulation
- Chemotaxis of immune cells
- Cytokine/chemokine modulation
- Dendritic cell activation
- TLR signaling modulation
Wound Healing
- Keratinocyte migration promotion
- Angiogenesis stimulation
- Re-epithelialization enhancement
- Inflammation resolution
Antiviral Activity
- Envelope disruption
- Entry inhibition
- Immune response enhancement
Research Applications
Antimicrobial Research
- MIC determination assays
- Biofilm studies
- Resistance mechanism research
- Synergy with antibiotics
Immunology
- Innate immune pathway studies
- Inflammation regulation
- Autoimmune disease models
- Sepsis research
Wound Healing
- Chronic wound models
- Diabetic wound research
- Burn injury studies
- Scarring mechanisms
Infectious Disease
- Bacterial infection models
- Viral research
- Fungal immunity
- Parasitic disease
Available Formats
| Size | Format | Catalog Code |
|---|---|---|
| 1mg | Lyophilized | LL37-1 |
| 5mg | Lyophilized | LL37-5 |
| 10mg | Lyophilized | LL37-10 |
Handling & Storage
- Store lyophilized peptide at -20°C
- Protect from light and moisture
- Reconstitute with sterile water or buffer
- Reconstituted solution stable at 2-8°C for up to 1 week
- Avoid plastic binding (use low-binding tubes)
- Work quickly (peptide can be sticky)
Quality Specifications
- Purity: ≥98% by HPLC
- Appearance: White lyophilized powder
- Solubility: Soluble in water (may require gentle heating)
- Endotoxin: Less than 0.5 EU/mg
- Certificate of Analysis provided
Antimicrobial Spectrum
| Organism Type | Activity |
|---|---|
| Gram-positive bacteria | +++ |
| Gram-negative bacteria | +++ |
| Fungi | ++ |
| Enveloped viruses | ++ |
| Biofilms | ++ |
References
- Vandamme D, et al. "A comprehensive summary of LL-37, the factotum human cathelicidin peptide." Cell Immunol. 2012.
- Kahlenberg JM, et al. "Little peptide, big effects: the role of LL-37 in inflammation and autoimmune disease." J Immunol. 2013.
- Ramos R, et al. "Wound healing activity of the human antimicrobial peptide LL37." Peptides. 2011.